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Deskripsi

A city quarantined by an epidemic is a depiction of life that is incomprehensible, full of suffering, and ends in death. It is undeniable that life is dominated by death. Believers seek answers to the ambiguity of this life with the promise of eternal life free from suffering in heaven. Those who reject the existence of God who allow suffering to dominate life choose their own path according to the meaning of life that they hold and believe in. Examining how the characters in the novel Wabah react and behave towards the epidemic and the threat of death helps us to see more clearly the current situation of the Indonesian nation. Our situation, which is so determined by short-term practical political interests, has created a situation of uncertainty similar to that caused by quarantine and the epidemic.

Daftar Isi

• Preface .... v
• Table of Contents .... ix
• Questioning The Meaning of Life .... 1
• The Routine of Life .... 1
• Human Sufferings and Death .... 3
• Other-worldly versus This-worldly Point of Views .... 4
• Camus’ The Plague and Its Relevance .... 6
• Politics Takes Precedence .... 7
• I Rebel, Therefore We Exist .... 8
• Studying Camus’ Search for Meaning .... 9
• Albert Camus: His Life and Works .... 11
• Biographical Sketch .... 11
• Camus’ Writings .... 24
• Essays .... 25
• Novels .... 27
• Short Stories .... 31
• Plays .... 31
• Philosophical and Objective Approaches in Literary Study .... 35
• Literary Approach .... 35
• Philosophical Approach .... 36
• Objective Approach .... 36
• The Theory of Plot .... 37
• The Theory of Setting .... 39
• The Theory of Characters .... 40
• Atheistic Existentialism .... 43
• Atheistic Existentialism .... 43
• Phenomenology .... 44
• Sartre’s etre-pour-soi and etre-en-soi .... 46
• Nietzsche’s Superman .... 48
• Camus’ Philosophical Thoughts .... 50
• Camus’ Methodology of Philosophizing .... 50
• The Absurd .... 53
• Philosophical Suicide .... 57
• Repetition, Consciousness, Intensity .... 58
• The Revolt .... 60
• Metaphysical Rebellion and the Denial of God .... 64
• Sade’s Rebellion .... 66
• The Romantics’ Rebellion .... 67
• Ivan Karamazov’s Nihilism .... 67
• Nietzsche’s Prophetic Nihilism .... 68
• Historical Rebellion: Horizontal Transcendence .... 68
• Rebellion Has Become Revolution .... 69
• French Revolution: Replacing Vertical with Horizontal Transcendence .... 70
• Russian Communism: History Has Become a New Religion .... 71
• Rebellion Has Become Terror and Murderous .... 73
• Moderation .... 74
• Critical Review of The Plague .... 77
• Subject Matter, Approach and Procedures .... 81
• Subject Matter .... 81
• Approach .... 81
• Procedures .... 84
• Structural Analysis: Plot, Setting, and Characters .... 88
• The Plot .... 89
• Setting .... 138
• Physical Settings .... 140
• Time Setting .... 140
• Place Setting .... 140
• Spiritual Setting .... 151
• Living under The Plague .... 153
• Characters .... 173
• Dr. Bernard Rieux .... 174
• Jean Tarrou .... 198
• Joseph Grand .... 209
• Father Paneloux .... 216
• Raymond Rambert .... 224
• Monsieur Cottard .... 231
• Other Characters .... 237
• Old Spaniard Patient with Asthma .... 237
• M. Othon .... 238
• Rieux’s mother .... 240
• Castel .... 241
• The Eccentric Old Man .... 242
• Rieux’s wife .... 242
• The Hotel Manager .... 243
• Richard .... 243
• Mercier .... 244
• M. Michel .... 244
• The Night Watchman .... 244
• Camps .... 244
• Smugglers .... 244
• Situation of Life Described in The Plague .... 246
• Summary .... 257
• The Reaction of The Main Characters to The Situation of Life .... 260
• Cottard .... 260
• Tarrou .... 263
• Rambert .... 267
• Paneloux .... 269
• Rieux .... 271
• Grand .... 276
• Other Characters .... 276
• Summary .... 277
• The Meaning of Life in A World Without God .... 281
• Summary .... 287
• Bibliography .... 290
• Appendix: The Synopsis of The Plague .... 302